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acephalous: | (of a manuscript) lacking its beginning | |
| aedicula: | an ornament in the form of a shrine with columns and arches used to frame the Eusebian Canon tables (q.v.) | ||
| aer: | a large veil used to cover either the chalice or the paten | ||
| ga: | a governor | ||
| Akathist: | see Akathistos Hymn | ||
| Akathistos Hymn: | a hymn of twenty-four strophes (oikoi) sung, all standing, on the Saturday of the fifth week in Lent, in honour of the Virgin Mary | ||
| Anapesson: | a representation of the young Christ asleep | ||
| anastasimatarion: | a codex containing troparia (q.v.) on the theme of the Resurrection (Anastasis) of Christ | ||
| anchorite: | a hermit who withdraws from the world to live in solitude (from the Greek anachoretes 'one who withdraws') | ||
| antidoron: |
bread blessed but not consecrated or consumed during the Eucharist; instead, it is distributed after the service as a sign of their participation in the blessing to worshippers who did not communicate; bread of fellowship
| ||
| antimension: | a decorated rectangular cloth (usually linen), used in place of a communion table either where there is no altar at all (on board ship or in the open air, for instance), or where the altar is not consecrated (e.g. in a chapel or hermitage) | ||
| apolytikion: | a dismissal hymn | ||
| Apostolika: | the icons of Christ and the Apostles on the epistyle of the chancel screen; also used of that part of the screen to which they belong | ||
| arcosolium: | an arched tomb, hewn out of rock in the early Christian period, constructed in the wall of a church in the middle and late Byzantine period | ||
| Asia Minor motif: | an ornament usually seen on the front of the epistyle of a Byzantine chancel screen, consisting of coupled colonnettes linked by arches at the top and enclosing stylised acanthus leaves | ||
| asper: | a Turkish coin | ||
| asterisk: | a star-shaped liturgical utensil used to cover the eucharistic elements lying in a paten and to guard them from contact with the first veil | ||
| Axion Esti: | the miracle-working icon of the Virgin Mary kept in the sanctuary of the Church of the Protaton | ||
| Aydin: | a fourteenth-century piratical Turkish emirate, based in Ephesus and Smyrna | ||
| Ban: | the highest rank in the divan (q.v.) of Wallachia; the supreme governor of Oltenia (Wallachia Minor) or Krajova, with extensive judicial and military powers; a less important rank in Moldavia | ||
| ban (pl. bani): | a Romanian coin; in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, one ban was equal to 1/112–1/135 of a thaler, 1/120–1/133 of a leon, 1/200 of an ughi (q.v.) Barlaam and Ioasaph: the two eponymous protagonists of the romance inspired by the life of Buddha; the book was formerly believed to have been composed by John of Damascus bead-and-reel: the pattern employed for the decoration of an astragal (a small moulding, circular in section) | ||
| bema: | the sanctuary | ||
| bifolium: | two leaves (four pages) formed by a single folded sheet of vellum or paper | ||
| Bostangi: | one of the imperial guards of Turkey, whose duties included protecting the palace, rowing the Sultan's barge, and acting as imperial gardeners Bostangi-basi: captain of the Bostangi | ||
| boyar: | a member of the aristocracy in Wallachia and Moldavia | ||
| Bulgarian orthography: | historical Slavonic orthography which represents the rendering of the Slavonic dialect that evolved in Bulgarian literature in the Middle Ages; its main characteristic is that it mingles the nasals and semi-vowels of Old Slavonic. | ||
| Byzantine gold piece: | a gold coin weighing about 4.55 grammes | ||
| camarash of the salt mines: | official subordinate to the Great Treasurer in Moldavia and Wallachia | ||
| Canon tables: | the ten tables of Eusebios of Caesarea (280-340) showing similar passages in the four Gospels; often accompanied by Eusebios' letter to Karpianos, in which he explains their use | ||
| Catalan Company: | a Spanish mercenary force hired by the Byzantine Emperor Andronicus II (1282-1328) to fight against the Turks, but which turned against the Byzantines, marched through Macedonia and eastern central Greece laying the land waste as they went, and finally (1311) seized Athens, where they set up a state of their own cenobite monasticism: see coenobitic | ||
| champlevι: | a relief technique in which the design is first incised in the surface of the marble and the ground is then cut away and filled with coloured mastic inlay | ||
| chancel screen: | see iconostasis | ||
| chartophylax: | a metropolitan ecclesiastical official with judicial responsibilities | ||
| chi-rho: | a Christian monogram made from the first two letters of the Greek word for Christ (X and P) | ||
| chip-carving technique: | a carving technique in which the decorative motifs are incised with sharp furrows, as in | ||
| crystal-cutting; | the established international term is Kerbschnitt | ||
| chlamys: | a short cloak | ||
| chrysobull: | see golden bull | ||
| ciborium (also baldachin): | a free-standing vaulted canopy supported by four columns (as that over the high altar in some churches) | ||
| clavus: | a vertical stripe or band worn on the tunic | ||
| codex: | a manuscript in the form of a modern book | ||
| coenobitic: | the coenobitic rule insists on absolute spiritual obedience to a hegumen (q.v.), elected for life at a meeting of all monks of six years' standing in the monastery. Spiritually he is absolute, but in administrative matters he has the help of two or three trustees (epitropi) chosen by all, or by the Elders' Assembly (gerontia) of eight or ten senior monks. The monastery dispenses property, clothing, and food, and meals are eaten in common. | ||
| Comnene aspers: | silver coins minted by the Emperors of Trebizond, known as the Grand Comneni | ||
| curopalates: | a title awarded to the rulers of Georgia in the ninth century by the Byzantine emperors | ||
| Cyrillic script: | the majuscule Byzantine script which the Slavs borrowed in the eleventh century, supplemented, and adapted to their own linguistic needs. The original Slavonic script, devised by St Cyril, is scientifically known as 'Glagolitic' (glagolica). | ||
| Deesis: | a composition often found on the chancel screen and consisting of the Virgin Mary (left) and John the Baptist (right) interceding with Christ (centre) on behalf of humanity | ||
| despot: | the highest title after that of emperor, usually given to the sons of the emperor, but occasionally to a foreign ruler | ||
| despotikes eikones: | large icons on either side of the Royal Door (q.v.): Christ and St John the Baptist on the right; the Virgin Mary and the saint or mystery to which the church is dedicated on the left | ||
| diaconicon: | a sacristy (q.v.) usually on the south side of the sanctuary | ||
| dikaios: | a prior (elected) in charge of a skete | ||
| diptych: | a two-leaved tablet containing on one part the names of living and on the other the names of dead persons commemorated at eucharistic services; the catalogue or list of such persons; a picture or series of pictures (as an altarpiece) painted or sculpted on two tablets connected by hinges | ||
| divan: | the parliament of Moldavia or Wallachia | ||
| domestikos: | the soloist in a Byzantine choir | ||
| double-headed eagle: | the symbol of the emperors of the Byzantine Empire | ||
| doxastarion: | a codex containing doxastika (sing. doxastikon, q.v.) set to unique melodies | ||
| doxastikon: | a hymn commencing with the Lesser Doxology (Doxa Patri). | ||
| drungarius: | a Byzantine official | ||
| ecclesiarches: | the monk in charge of the church and the various religious services | ||
| ekloge sticherariou: | a codex containing a selection of stichera idiomela (sing. sticheron idiomelon, q.v.) | ||
| encolpion: | medallion bearing a sacred picture that is worn on the breast of a bishop | ||
| en pointe: | (of wings) raised over the head | ||
| eparchos: | by the fourteenth century a purely honorific title | ||
| ephoria (ephor): | the custody and protection of a monastery, usually assigned to a high-ranking official | ||
| epigonation (or genual): | a rhombic vestment usually of stiff material worn (at knee level) by a bishop or certain other ecclesiastical dignitaries as a sign of authority and rank | ||
| epimanikion (or maniple): | a cuff worn as a liturgical vestment over each sleeve of the alb or tunic | ||
| epistasia: | a four-member executive committee appointed annually by the Holy Community (q.v.) | ||
| epistatis: | an administrative overseer | ||
| Epitaphios: | the embroidered shroud used in re-enacting the burial of Christ on Good Friday; a portable canopied shrine containing an icon of the figure of the dead Christ laid out for burial | ||
| epitiritis: | a monitor, the monk entrusted with keeping order | ||
| epitrachelion: | a long narrow stole worn by bishops and priests | ||
| ιployιs: | (of wings) outspread | ||
| epoptis: | a state official in charge of supervising the Land Register and assessing the taxes to be paid by each land-owner | ||
| evangelion: | a liturgical book containing the Gospel readings for all the movable and immovable feasts of the year, the eleven Gospels for orthros (q.v.), and readings for various other occasions | ||
| evangelistarion: | a codex containing Gospel readings for Sundays | ||
| evangelistary: | see evangelistarion | ||
| exapteryga: | circular banners having on both their sides images of six-winged angels (seraphim) and fixed on poles | ||
| exarch: | a bishop inferior to a patriarch and superior to a metropolitan; a deputy of a patriarch, usually holding the rank of bishop | ||
| foliate cross: | a cross with a tendril or a tree (usually a cypress) sprouting from its base; primarily a symbol of salvation and life | ||
| folio: | a leaf of a manuscript or book | ||
| gathering: | a group of leaves bound together | ||
| glory: | a ring, circle, or surrounding radiance of light represented about the figure of a sacred person | ||
| golden bull: | a Byzantine imperial document bearing the monarch's golden seal (bulla), frequently used in granting privileges | ||
| Greek cross: | a cross consisting of an upright crossed in the middle by a horizontal of the same length | ||
| haratsi: | a poll tax paid by non-Muslims | ||
| headpiece: | an ornament at the head of a page, chapter, etc. | ||
| hegumen: | the head of a monastery; abbot | ||
| heirmologion: | a codex containing heirmoi (sing. heirmos, q.v.) | ||
| heirmos: | the leading stanza of a kontakion (q.v.) | ||
| heortologarion: | a codex containing all the chants to be sung on the Great Feasts of the Church | ||
| herbal: | a pharmaceutical work containing descriptions of herbs and analyses of their therapeutic properties | ||
| Hesychasm: | the doctrines and practice of the Hesychasts, mystics who in silence devote themselves to inner recollection and secret prayer, the culmination of their mystical experience being direct contact with God through the vision of the Divine Uncreated Light | ||
| hesychasterion: | a hermitage proper, found in some lonely spot | ||
| hieromonach: | see hieromonk | ||
| hieromonk: | a monk who is also a priest | ||
| himation: | a garment consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth thrown over the left shoulder and wrapped about the body | ||
| historiated capital: | a two-zone Corinthian capital on which the upper zone of acanthus leaves is replaced by animals, birds, or human or divine figures | ||
| Holy Community (Iera Kinotis): | the administrative authority comprising representatives from the twenty sovereign monasteries | ||
| homilies: | manuscripts containing homilies or orations of the Church Fathers —John Chrysostom, Gregory the Theologian, Basil the Great and others— which are read out at assemblies of the monks and especially in the refectory during meals | ||
| horologion: | a codex containing the daily offices of the Church | ||
| hyperpyron: | a Byzantine coin | ||
| hypostasis: | a subsidiary ornamental sign in Byzantine musical notation | ||
| hypothesis: | a summary of a text | ||
| iconostasis: | a screen, with doors, which divides the nave from the sanctuary and on which icons are placed in a fixed order | ||
| idiomelon: | an heirmos (q.v.) with its own individual melody | ||
| idiorrhythmic: | the idiorrhythmic monasteries are directed by two annually changed trustees, helped by the Assembly of ten or fifteen leading monks (proοstameni), whose decisions they enforce and from among whom they are chosen. Individuals retain personal property, eat their meals in their cells, and are left to their own judgement concerning personal austerity. | ||
| illuminated manuscript: | a manuscript which, apart from text, also contains miniature paintings | ||
| Imperial Door: | the central door leading from the narthex to the naos (qq.v.) | ||
| initial letter: | a large letter beginning a text, a division, or a paragraph | ||
| Iverians: | the mediaeval name of the Georgians | ||
| Jesus Prayer: | 'Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me a sinner'; also termed Prayer of the Heart | ||
| kaza: | an administrative district or province | ||
| kalophonikon sticherarion: | a sticherarion (q.v.) containing stichera (sing. sticheron, q.v.) set in the ornate style termed 'kalophonic' | ||
| kalyva: | see kalyve | ||
| kalyve: | a monastic dwelling, usually small, sometimes with a chapel attached, and either independent or belonging to a skete (q.v.) | ||
| katepano: | a military commander of select cavalry units and of the province where they were stationed | ||
| kathisma: | a small habitation, usually near the parent monastery, where one monk dwells alone | ||
| katholikon: | the central church of a monastery | ||
| katzi: | a type of censer held by a handle rather than swung by chains | ||
| kellion: | a spacious monastic dwelling with a small chapel, inhabited by three or more semi-independent monks who till the land | ||
| kemeria: | arched structures over the despotikes eikones (q.v.) | ||
| ketabedes (sing. ketabes): | rectangular sections on a wooden iconostasis (q.v.) above and below the despotikes | ||
| eikones (q.v.); | the lower ketabes is also called the 'overpanel'. | ||
| kladi: | the low pediment on top of the iconostasis (q.v.) from the top of which rises the crucifix | ||
| kollyba: | see kolyva | ||
| kolyva: | boiled wheat with sugar distributed at memorial services in commemoration of the dead | ||
| kontakarion: | a codex containing a collection of kontakia (sing. kontakion, q.v.) | ||
| kontakion: | a musical composition consisting of 18-24 stanzas all modelled on a leading stanza (heirmos, q.v.) | ||
| kral: | the title of the Serbian rulers | ||
| kratema: | an independent melodic unit used to prolong a hymn and consisting of teretismata (meaningless syllables, such as terirem, tenena, tororon) | ||
| kratematarion: | a codex containing a collection of kratemata (sing. kratema, q.v.) arranged according to the eight modes. | ||
| kritis: | official who fulfilled the functions of both judge and tax collector in a Byzantine theme or province | ||
| kyriakon: | the central church of a skete (q.v.) | ||
| Ladder of Paradise: | an ascetic work, probably by John Scholasticus (525-600), of which many manuscripts survive | ||
| lampadarios: | the leader of the left-hand choir in a church | ||
| Latin (Passion) cross: | an upright or vertical bar crossed near the top by a shorter horizontal bar | ||
| lavra: | a cluster of cells or caves for hermits, with a church and sometimes a refectory at the centre | ||
| lite: | the inner narthex (q.v.) of a church | ||
| Liturgy of the Presanctified: | the liturgy in which the consecrated host of the previous liturgy is used logofetel: the subordinate to the logothete (q.v.) in the divan (q.v.) of Moldavia and Wallachia | ||
| logothete: | the official responsible for overseeing the royal chancellery and drawing up golden bulls (q.v.); the keeper of the royal seal | ||
| lypira: | small icons of the Virgin and St John flanking the crucifix on top of the iconostasis (q.v.) | ||
| magister: | an honorific title | ||
| maοstor: | a composer of church music who is often also an accomplished singer | ||
| mandorla: | an, often pointed, oval surrounding the figure of a sacred person in iconography mantling (also lambrequin): the drapery of a coat of arms | ||
| mathema: | a musical composition in which stichera idiomela (sing. sticheron idiomelon, q.v.) are interspersed with kratemata (sing. kratema, q.v.) and sung in the ornate style termed 'kalophonic' | ||
| mathematarion: | a codex containing a collection of mathemata (sing. mathema, q.v.) | ||
| Megale Mesi: | the seat of the Holy Community (q.v.), Karyes | ||
| Megali Ekklesia: | the 'Great Church of Christ', the church of the Patriarchate, which was also the administrative centre of religious life in the Byzantine capital | ||
| megaloschemos: | a monk of the highest grade, distinguished by his habit and pledged to a stricter degree of asceticism and a greater amount of time spent in prayer megas droungarios: a senior judge in Constantinople | ||
| megas primikerios: | an honorific title | ||
| menaion: | one of twelve liturgical books (one for each month), which contain the variable parts of the Divine Office for the immovable feasts; the first in the series is for September, when the Greek Orthodox ecclesiastical year begins. | ||
| menologion: | a book containing accounts of the lives and martyrdoms of the saints, arranged according to the ecclesiastical calendar | ||
| menology: | see menologion | ||
| Menteshe: | a fourteenth-century piratical Turkish emirate, based in Miletos | ||
| metochion: | a dependency of a monastery | ||
| 'modern': | ideologically oriented towards the Europe of the Enlightenment | ||
| modius: | a unit of both volume and area; while its value was extremely variable, it usually corresponded to about 960 square metres or, as a measure of volume (especially for grain), about a quarter of a bushel | ||
| naos: | the main body of a church | ||
| narthex: | a western portico or vestibule between the main entrance and the naos (q.v.) nomophylax: a Byzantine official whose job was to maintain the laws of the state or the Patriarchate | ||
| octateuch: | a manuscript containing the first eight books of the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges and Ruth | ||
| octoechos: | a collection of offices arranged for the eight ecclesiastical modes and used for periods of eight weeks | ||
| oikonomos: | a steward; his function was to administer the financial affairs of the institution he served | ||
| a steward; | his function was to administer the financial affairs of the institution he served | ||
| oka: | a Turkish unit of weight corresponding to about 1.3 kg | ||
| oke: | see oka | ||
| oktoechos: | see octoechos | ||
| omologon: | a document agreed between the Patriarchal Synod and the Athonite Holy Community (q.v.) recognising custom as having the force of law in the community | ||
| omophorion: | the distinctive vestment of bishops of the Eastern Church corresponding to the pallium of the Western Church, but made in two forms and worn in one form or the other by all bishops during the celebration of liturgical offices | ||
| Oraia Pyle: | see Royal Door | ||
| Orthodoxy, Feast of: | celebrated on the first Sunday of Lent by the Eastern Orthodox Church to commemorate the restoration of icons to the churches (843) and the end of the long iconoclast controversy | ||
| orthros: | the morning office, corresponding to lauds in the West | ||
| paharnic: | an official in the divan (q.v.) of Moldavia and Wallachia appointed to the Prince's court; his duties involved keeping the wine cellar stocked and tasting the wine, and later managing the royal vineyards, collecting the wine tax, and judging cases connected with the vineyards. | ||
| panaghiarion: | a paten with a representation of the Virgin, used in the liturgy for the Feast of the Dormition pansevastos sevastos: an honorific title | ||
| papadike: | a late Byzantine anthology of musical settings, both simple and ornate, for hymns, psalms, and other chants used in the liturgy and daily offices | ||
| paracletice: | a book containing the sung services and canons to the Virgin Mary for each day of the week | ||
| parekklesion: | a chapel flanking the sanctuary, the narthex, or both; a chapel attached to the individual cells of a skete, where the monks say the daily offices | ||
| parekklisi: | see parekklesion | ||
| parissia: | a type of requiem service | ||
| paschalia: | tables in which the date of Easter is calculated for a certain number of years in the future | ||
| paterikon: | a collection of sayings and accounts by the Fathers of the Church patriarchal cross: a Latin cross having a second, shorter crosspiece above the customary one | ||
| pentekostarion: | a codex containing the offices from Easter Sunday to the first Sunday after Pentecost | ||
| peopled scroll: | an ornament consisting of a scroll or tendril enriched with figures of animals | ||
| phelonion: | a priestly vestment similar to a chasuble | ||
| phiale: | a, usually marble, receptacle for holy water, in the form of either a small, portable bowl or a large canopied basin in the monastery courtyard | ||
| Philoxenia of Abraham: | the hospitality (philoxenia) shown by Abraham to God when He appeared by the Oak of Mamre in the form of three men (Genesis 18:1-18); an icon of this | ||
| podea: | a veil hung directly beneath a permanent icon (as on the iconostasis (q.v.)) and usually bearing a repetition of its iconographic theme polycyclic manuscript: a manuscript in which the subject-matter of the illustrations is drawn from more than one source | ||
| praxapostolos: | a manuscript containing the Acts of the Apostles, the Epistles of St Paul and the Catholic Epistles | ||
| pronaos: | an open vestibule before the naos (q.v.) | ||
| pronoia: | a system for subsidising the army and the civil service, by which the beneficiary, known as the pronoiarios, was granted the right to claim directly from citizens debts owed by them to the state | ||
| proskomidi: | a small niche within the bema (q.v.), containing the table (also called the proskomidi) on which the elements are prepared; the act of preparating the elements | ||
| proskynetarion: | a pilgrims' guide to the Holy Land, principally its Christian monuments | ||
| prosomoiarion: | a codex, or part of an heirmologion (q.v.), which contains the prosomoia stichera (troparia (sing. troparion, q.v.) modelled on already existing melodies) arranged by mode | ||
| prothesis: | a small chapel or apse, in which the oblation table stands, on the north side of the sanctuary | ||
| protopsaltes: | the leader of the right-hand choir in a church | ||
| Protos: | the primate, the elected head of the monastic state of Mount Athos, who wields administrative and judicial authority within the territory and represents it in its relations with the outside world | ||
| psalter: | a Book of Psalms, the Greek version of which contains 151 psalms, most of which have been ascribed to King David | ||
| pseudosarcophagus: | a built coffin, three sides of which are enclosed by an arcosolium (q.v.), the front being closed by a marble slab with relief decoration; it resembles, but is not, a monolithic sarcophagus. | ||
| pyle: | a veil hung across the low gate in the Royal Door | ||
| quaternion: | a quire of four sheets folding in two, producing eight leaves or sixteen pages | ||
| Rashka orthography: | a form of Serbian orthography, typical of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, which represents the earliest rendering of the mediaeval Serbian dialect. Its main characteristics are that it turns the Old Slavonic nasals into vowels, generally uses the semi-vowels correctly, and also uses the letters ja and je. Rashka is one of the oldest centres of Serbian power. | ||
| recto: | the front of a folio (e.g. 77r = the front of folio 77) | ||
| Resava orthography: | a form of fourteenth-century to fifteenth-century orthography associated with the work of Constantine the Philosopher and influenced by the reforms of Euthymius of Trnovo. Its main characteristics are that it turns the semi-vowels of Slavonic into vowels, and uses accents (under the influence of Greek models) and Greek letters. | ||
| rhipidia: | in the early Christian churches, these fans, initially of fine cloth or peacocks' feathers, were gently waved by the deacons to keep flies away from the communion table; now a purely ritual accessory, they are generally made of silver and decorated with six-winged seraphim. | ||
| rinceau: | an ornamental foliate or floral motif | ||
| roll: | a parchment manuscript rolled around a wooden or bone rod; used mainly in the Byzantine era in place of the scroll, which is usually associated with papyrus | ||
| rotae sericae: | an ornament consisting of a series of roundels linked by knots Royal Door (or Beautiful Door): the central door in the chancel screen or iconostasis (q.v.) rumβn (pl. rumβni): a dependent villager in Wallachia | ||
| sacristy: | a special room in which the monastery treasures or relics are kept; a treasury | ||
| sakkos: | a liturgical vestment resembling a dalmatic and worn by a bishop during the liturgy | ||
| seimenis: | an Athonite policeman | ||
| semantron: | a wooden or metal bar used instead of a bell in Orthodox churches and monasteries | ||
| semi-uncial: | a form of writing between uncial (q.v.) and minuscule Serbo-Moldavian orthography: a later (fifteenth century onwards) form of Serbian orthography with Wallacho-Moldavian elements | ||
| skete: | a smaller community living under monastic rule and dependent on one of the sovereign monasteries | ||
| Slavophile: | a member of a nineteenth-century Russian intellectual movement that wanted Russia's future development to be based on values and institutions derived from the country's early history and was opposed to the country's 'Europeanisation' | ||
| stanjen (pl. stanjeni): | a unit of surface measurement in Wallachia and Moldavia, approximately equal to two square metres stauropegion (adj. stauropegic): a church or monastery exempt from the jurisdiction of the local bishop and directly subject to the highest authority of the territorial church | ||
| sticherarion: | a codex containing the stichera (sing. sticheron, q.v.) for orthros (q.v.) and vespers services throughout the year | ||
| sticheron: | a form of hymn sung during orthros (q.v.) and vespers after a verse of a psalm (usually one of the last three to six verses) | ||
| sticheron idiomelon: | a sticheron (q.v.) with its own unique melody | ||
| strategos: | a military and civilian governor of a Byzantine theme or province | ||
| Studion: | a large coenobitic monastery in Constantinople | ||
| synaxarion: | a short account of a saint's life or a feast read at orthros (q.v.); a book containing these accounts, arranged according to the ecclesiastical calendar | ||
| synaxis: | a meeting of the representatives of the Athonite monasteries held at Karyes usually three times a year (Christmas, Easter, and the Feast of the Dormition of the Virgin on August 15) | ||
| synodeia: | a group of monks living under the tutelage of an elder, or spiritual father, in the kalyve of a skete (qq.v.) | ||
| synodia: | see synodeia | ||
| synodicon: | a letter, decree, or other document emanating from a synod in the Eastern Orthodox Church; specifically, an instrument of appointment to a high ecclesiastical office (as of a bishop) | ||
| taboullarios: | a Byzantine notary | ||
| templon: | see iconostasis | ||
| tetraevangelon: | a book containing the continuous text of the Gospels according to Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John | ||
| theoretikon: | a codex containing theories of the art of music | ||
| theotokion: | a troparion (q.v.) in honour of the Theotokos (q.v.) | ||
| Theotokos: | the Virgin Mary, Mother of God | ||
| timar: | a type of fief granted by the Sultan | ||
| Tragos: | the first Charter, or Rule, of Mount Athos, written on parchment made from goatskin, hence the name (tragos = 'goat') | ||
| triodion: | a codex containing the offices for the ten weeks before Easter, i.e. from the Sunday of the Pharisee and the Publican up to and including Holy Saturday | ||
| trisagion: | a short hymn consisting of the words 'Holy God, Holy and Strong, Holy and Immortal', sung three or more times | ||
| troparion: | a short hymn consisting of a single stanza Twelve Great Feasts: Annunciation, Nativity, Epiphany, Presentation of Christ in the Temple, Transfiguration, Birth of the Virgin, Presentation of the Virgin, Dormition of the Virgin, Exaltation of the Cross, Palm Sunday, Ascension, Pentecost | ||
| typikarion: | a room at one side of the sanctuary apse in which the ecclesiastical books, such as the typikon (q.v.), are kept | ||
| typikaris: | the monk in charge of church ritual | ||
| typikon: | a codex (q.v.) containing the rules and rubrics for church services throughout the year; a codex containing the rules and regulations of a monastery | ||
| tzeremes: | a monetary fine | ||
| ughi: | a Hungarian gold coin; in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries one ughi was equal to 1.73 lei, 300 bani (q.v.), 1.66 thalers. | ||
| uncial: | of or written in majuscule writing with rounded unjoined letters | ||
| vakif: | religious endowments granted by the Ottoman authorities | ||
| verso: | the back of a folio (e.g. 77v = the back of folio 77) | ||
| voevode: | see voivode | ||
| voivode: | the former title of the ruling princes in Moldavia and Wallachia; a local governor; an administrative official whose duties included tax collection | ||
| vornic: | an official in the divan (q.v.) of Wallachia and Moldavia responsible for overseeing the Royal Court; he also enjoyed extensive judicial authority. | ||
| zambitis: | a policeman | ||
| zeteia: | a collection on behalf of a monastery, usually effected by a group of two or three monks | ||
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Reference address : https://elpenor.org/athos/en/e21817.asp
